وبلاگ شرکت در مورد Supply TI Supervisor & Reset IC:Reset & Watchdog IC,Supply-Voltage Supervisor

Supply TI Supervisor & Reset IC:Reset & Watchdog IC,Supply-Voltage Supervisor

Shenzhen Mingjiada Electronics Co., Ltd. is a specialist distributor of electronic components, providing high-quality supply services backed by extensive procurement channels and in-depth procurement expertise.

Supply Advantages:

Brands and Certifications: As a globally recognised distributor of electronic components, we are certified to the ISO 9001:2014 Quality Management System and ISO 14001:2014 Environmental Management System standards.

Product Range and Stock: With over 2 million SKUs in stock, our product portfolio covers microcontrollers (MCUs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), AI chips, sensors and power management ICs, enabling us to meet diverse ‘one-stop’ procurement needs.

Quality and Channels: We guarantee that we supply only genuine products. We have established partnerships with over 500 world-renowned semiconductor manufacturers or their authorised channels, building a robust and reliable supply chain system, and conducting rigorous quality inspections prior to stock intake.

Delivery and Service: Leveraging our extensive inventory and global supply chain network, 90 per cent of orders can be dispatched within 1–3 days. Urgent requests are responded to within 24 hours, and we also offer a global express delivery service with 72-hour delivery.

Expert Team: Our experienced team of specialists not only assists with product sales but also provides Bill of Materials (BOM) optimisation, component selection support and small-batch sample supply, helping customers reduce their overall procurement costs.

I. General Overview of Core Devices

TI’s power monitoring and reset ICs are specialised power management chips, comprising three main categories: pure reset ICs, watchdog reset ICs and power supply voltage monitors. These three types of devices offer progressively more advanced and complementary functionality; their core role is to continuously monitor the system’s power supply voltage and programme execution status, outputting precise reset signals in the event of power supply anomalies, programme freezes or timing irregularities, thereby restoring the system to its initial stable state and mitigating operational risks arising from abnormal conditions.

Compared to the basic reset and watchdog functions built into MCUs, TI’s dedicated monitoring ICs offer higher precision, lower power consumption, greater immunity to interference and more comprehensive functionality. They enable independent hardware monitoring, unaffected by software programme anomalies, whilst supporting advanced features such as multi-voltage rail monitoring, programmable delay, fault latching and built-in self-testing, thereby meeting functional safety requirements across various levels in sectors including consumer electronics, industrial, automotive and medical applications.

II. Reset and Watchdog ICs

2.1 Core Functions of Pure Reset ICs

Pure reset ICs are basic power monitoring devices whose core function is to perform power-on reset, power-off reset and undervoltage reset. These operations are triggered entirely by hardware, without the need for software intervention. The device incorporates a high-precision voltage reference source and comparator, enabling real-time comparison of the supply voltage against preset thresholds to accurately identify abnormal power supply conditions.

During the power-up phase, the chip outputs a reset signal with a fixed delay; it only releases the reset state once the supply voltage has stabilised and hardware initialisation is complete, thereby preventing system boot-up anomalies caused by voltage instability during the power-up ramp-up phase; During operation, should the supply voltage drop below the under-voltage threshold, the chip immediately triggers a reset to prevent the MCU from performing erroneous calculations or causing register data corruption under unstable low-voltage conditions. Furthermore, the chip features built-in voltage hysteresis, which effectively prevents frequent false resets caused by minor voltage fluctuations, thereby significantly enhancing system stability.

TI’s classic pure reset IC models include the TLV810E and TPS31xx series. The TLV810E is a low-power voltage-monitoring reset IC featuring a push-pull output design, capable of accurately detecting changes in voltage thresholds and suitable for a wide range of low-voltage power supply systems; the TPS31xx series offers ultra-low power consumption at the nanoampere level, making it suitable for battery-powered low-power devices.

2.2 Core Principles and Advantages of Watchdog Reset ICs

Watchdog ICs are advanced devices that build upon the basic reset function by adding programme execution monitoring capabilities, thereby addressing the limitation of pure hardware resets, which cannot detect software anomalies. Their core operating logic is ‘periodic feeding, reset on timeout’: during normal operation, the MCU periodically sends a pulse signal (feeding) to the watchdog chip to indicate that the programme is running normally; if the programme runs out of control, freezes or enters an infinite loop, causing the ‘feed the dog’ signal to be interrupted, the watchdog timer will automatically output a reset signal upon expiry, forcing the system to restart and self-recover.

This type of device provides hardware-level redundant monitoring and is completely independent of the MCU’s software system; it continues to function normally even if the MCU core freezes or peripherals fail, thereby addressing the shortcoming of built-in MCU software watchdogs, which are susceptible to programme anomalies. Some high-end TI watchdog ICs support dual-channel monitoring, simultaneously monitoring both the supply voltage and the programme’s running status to provide dual hardware and software protection.

2.3 Typical Features of TI Watchdog IC Products

The TI TPS382x series comprises mainstream integrated watchdog reset chips that require no external configuration components. They offer high integration and ease of use, and are primarily suited for DSPs and high-end processor-based embedded systems. This series offers a variety of selectable watchdog timeout durations, including fixed-delay versions such as 200 ms and 1.6 s, to suit different programme execution cycles; upon power-up, the chip automatically monitors the supply voltage and, if the voltage falls below the threshold, remains in a locked reset state until the voltage stabilises and the timeout period elapses, thereby ensuring reliable system boot-up.

In addition, models such as the TPS3851 and TPS3306 support programmable delay times and multi-rail monitoring. The TPS3306, in particular, is specifically designed for dual-processor systems; it integrates power failure monitoring functionality and can simultaneously monitor multiple power rails, making it suitable for complex systems such as industrial control and communications equipment.

III. Supply Voltage Supervisors

3.1 Core Positioning and Functional Features

Supply voltage supervisors are high-precision, specialised devices within TI’s power monitoring system. Compared to standard reset ICs, they offer a broader monitoring range, higher precision and more comprehensive functionality. Not only do they support conventional under-voltage monitoring, but they also enable comprehensive monitoring of over-voltage, under-voltage, power supply faults and voltage rail anomalies. They are compatible with a wide range of power rails from 12 V to 1,500 V, covering all scenarios from low-voltage consumer electronics to high-voltage industrial equipment.

The core advantages of these chips lie in their high-precision fault detection and rapid response times. They also integrate numerous functional safety features, including fault latching, built-in self-test (BIST), programmable thresholds and simultaneous monitoring of multiple voltage rails. This enables them to accurately detect transient power supply anomalies, prevent system failures caused by transient voltage fluctuations, and meet the functional safety certification requirements of the industrial, automotive and medical sectors.

3.2 Core Operating Mechanism

The power supply voltage monitor utilises a built-in high-precision reference voltage and a high-speed comparator to sample the voltages of each power rail in real time, comparing the sampled voltages against preset overvoltage and undervoltage thresholds. When the voltage exceeds the normal operating range, the chip immediately triggers a fault signal or a reset signal, whilst also latching the fault status to facilitate equipment debugging and fault tracing; certain high-end models integrate an ADC module, enabling digital sampling of the power supply voltage and supporting real-time monitoring of the power supply status by a host computer.

Furthermore, the devices support flexible expansion configurations, allowing the reset delay and response time to be adjusted via external capacitors. Certain models support daisy-chain cascading, enabling the monitoring of multiple power rails and making them suitable for complex embedded systems with multi-power-supply architectures. They also feature ultra-low power consumption, with some models operating at less than 1 μA, which does not affect the device’s overall power consumption metrics.

3.3 Differentiated Advantages by Application Scenario

Standard reset and watchdog ICs primarily focus on single-rail low-voltage power supply monitoring and system self-healing, making them suitable for conventional consumer electronics and small embedded devices; whereas TI’s power supply voltage monitors emphasise high precision, a wide voltage range, multi-rail monitoring and high reliability. They specifically address the power supply monitoring challenges faced by industrial equipment, automotive devices and high-end instruments and meters, withstanding complex operating conditions such as electromagnetic interference, voltage transients and power surges in industrial environments to ensure long-term stable system operation.

IV. Comparison of Core Device Functions

To clearly distinguish the suitable applications and functional differences between the three types of devices, a comparison of their core characteristics is provided below:

- Pure reset ICs: Core functions include power-on, power-off and undervoltage reset; they lack programme monitoring capabilities and operate purely via hardware. They feature a simple structure, low cost and compact size, and are suitable for low-voltage single-supply and simple embedded systems. Representative models include the TLV810E and TPS3106.

- Watchdog reset ICs: These integrate dual functions of reset and programme monitoring, enabling reset in the event of power supply anomalies and self-recovery from programme deadlocks. They feature independent hardware monitoring and strong immunity to interference, making them suitable for embedded devices with operating systems and complex programmes. Representative models include the TPS3828 and TPS3851.

- Power Supply Voltage Monitors: These provide comprehensive power supply monitoring, supporting overvoltage, undervoltage and power supply fault detection, multi-rail monitoring, fault latching and self-test functions. With high precision and a wide voltage range, they are suitable for high-reliability applications such as industrial, automotive and medical sectors. Representative models include the TPS3306 and the high-voltage series of power supply monitoring ICs.

V. Typical Application Scenarios

5.1 Consumer Electronics and IoT Devices

Low-power products such as smart home appliances, sensor terminals and Bluetooth devices frequently utilise the TPS31xx series of ultra-low-power reset ICs and simple watchdog ICs to achieve stable power-on reset and low-voltage protection. At the same time, their ultra-low-power characteristics extend battery life and prevent device offline or malfunction issues caused by occasional programme freezes.

5.2 Industrial Control Equipment

Devices such as PLCs, industrial gateways and motion controllers operate under complex conditions characterised by strong electromagnetic interference and significant power supply fluctuations. They commonly employ a combined solution comprising TI’s multi-channel power supply voltage monitors and watchdog ICs. The multi-channel voltage monitors oversee industrial power rails such as 12V and 24V, whilst the watchdog IC ensures self-recovery from programme anomalies; the fault latch function aids in troubleshooting, meeting the requirements for 24/7 uninterrupted operation of industrial equipment.

5.3 Automotive and New Energy Equipment

Equipment such as in-vehicle central control units, battery management systems (BMS) and in-vehicle sensors impose extremely high demands on safety and reliability. TI’s high-voltage power supply monitors are compatible with in-vehicle high-voltage power rails, offering rapid fault response and high immunity to interference, whilst complying with automotive functional safety standards. This effectively prevents in-vehicle equipment failures caused by power supply anomalies.

5.4 Medical and Precision Instruments

Medical equipment and precision testing instruments impose stringent requirements on power supply stability and data reliability. The use of high-precision power supply voltage monitors accurately filters out transient fluctuations in the power supply, eliminating measurement data deviations and equipment malfunctions caused by voltage anomalies, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of instruments and the operational safety of medical equipment.

VI. Key Considerations for Selection

- Voltage Threshold Matching: Select a chip with corresponding under-voltage and over-voltage thresholds based on the system’s supply voltage (3.3V, 5V, 12V, etc.) to ensure that abnormal voltages trigger protection accurately.

- Identification of Functional Requirements: Select a pure reset IC if only power-on reset is required; a watchdog IC is essential if programme self-healing is required; a power supply voltage monitor should be selected for scenarios involving multiple power rails, high voltages, or high reliability.

- Adaptation of Delay Parameters: Select the reset delay and watchdog timeout durations based on the system’s power-on initialisation time to avoid start-up anomalies caused by insufficient delay or delays that are too long, which could affect fault recovery speed.

- Power consumption and packaging: For battery-powered devices, prioritise ultra-low-power models in the nanoampere range; for miniaturised devices, select micro-packages such as SOT-23 or DFN.

- Environmental and safety ratings: For industrial and automotive applications, select models with wide temperature ranges, high immunity to interference, and compliance with functional safety certifications.

VII. Summary

TI’s reset ICs, watchdog ICs and power supply voltage monitors form a comprehensive hardware power monitoring and system self-healing system. Ranging from basic power-up stabilisation and under-voltage protection, through to automatic reset in the event of programme anomalies, and high-precision monitoring of multi-rail high-voltage power supplies, this system comprehensively addresses core pain points in embedded systems such as power instability, programme freezes and abnormal operating conditions. Thanks to their core advantages of high precision, low power consumption, high reliability, high integration and broad applicability, this series of chips has become the preferred power monitoring solution for various high-reliability electronic systems worldwide, serving as a fundamental component for ensuring the long-term stable operation of equipment.